The aim of this chapter is to discuss and reflect upon changes in modes of cognition designed to encourage collaboration that are aligned with principles of Complexity science for a holistic ecosystem of health and healthcare. It first discusses four modes of cognition: systems thinking, sensemaking, reflective thinking, and social ecological thinking. It then analyzes the implications of these modes of cognition for the three agencies of health and healthcare: Principles and Purposes (P1), People in Place (P2), and Practices and Processes (P3). The outcome is the assemblage of an ecology of cognition, termed the Collaborative Adaptive Resilient Ecology (CARE) of cognition for health and healthcare that is designed to encourage collaboration, adaptation, and relationships.