Viral keratitis is a leading cause of visual impairment and remains responsible for a sizable portion of blindness worldwide. Therefore, proper recognition and treatment are critical to improving clinical outcomes. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a herpesvirus with two subtypes, HSV-1 and HSV-2, both of which produce a variety of clinical manifestations. HSV can induce widespread ocular inflammation, leading to complications such as irreversible corneal stromal scarring and vision loss. Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection can lead to similar findings. This chapter focuses on the ocular manifestations of common causes of viral keratitis such as HSV and VZV and serve as a guide for diagnosing and managing these entities.