Passive, Disposal and Instrumental Constructions
摘要
Chapter 3 examines the origin and development of three verbal constructions: passives, disposals, and instrumentals. It focuses on the typical grammatical markers, presents the lexical resources and syntactic context for their functional expansion, and examines the mechanism for their development. It assumes that the way of conceptualization or construal of the Han people can explain the lexical sources or origins. From a cognitive linguistics perspective, it argues that functional and developmental differences between grammatical markers have much to do with their original lexical meaning. It indicates that passive markers from different lexical sources have different grammatical functions and they vary in registers and grammaticalization levels. In addition, regarding the law of structural meaning assignment, a new hypothesis is proposed regarding the primary source of disposals (results as opposed to serial verb constructions). Furthermore, the functional overlap between disposals and instrumentals and the functional extension of instrumentals are analyzed in detail.