Any mismatch in generation and load creates a load frequency control (LFC) problem. Therefore, to address this issue a suitable control scheme is needed. In today's power systems, renewable energy sources (RES) are supplanting conventional power generation sources. With a substantial increase in the existence of wind farms (WFs) within the power system, the challenge of regulating frequency becomes more pronounced. Further, a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) system can be employed for frequency regulation purposes. This paper introduces a Tilt Integral Derivative (TID) controller as a tool for managing LFC challenges in a power system consisting of two interconnected regions integrated with an offshore wind farm (OWF) using HVDC lines. Through a process of tuning, the Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA), an optimization technique, is used to change the coefficients of the TID controller. The suggested TID controller based on SCA optimization is evaluated through performance on a two-region interconnected power system that incorporates thermal, hydro, and WF power generation. A comparative performance analysis has been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimized controller. Different participation factors of thermal, hydro, and WFs in both areas are considered for the study. Also, various step load Disturbance (SLD) on the system is applied to investigate the hardiness of the presented controller. The optimization approach employs the Integral Square Error (ISE) as the designated objective function. The simulation outcomes validate that the TID controller exhibits superior dynamic performance compared to conventional controllers across different scenarios of step load disturbances (SLD).

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Optimal Load Frequency Control of Two-Area System Integrated with Offshore Wind Farm Through HVDC

  • Guru Govind Prasad,
  • Omkar Yadav

摘要

Any mismatch in generation and load creates a load frequency control (LFC) problem. Therefore, to address this issue a suitable control scheme is needed. In today's power systems, renewable energy sources (RES) are supplanting conventional power generation sources. With a substantial increase in the existence of wind farms (WFs) within the power system, the challenge of regulating frequency becomes more pronounced. Further, a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) system can be employed for frequency regulation purposes. This paper introduces a Tilt Integral Derivative (TID) controller as a tool for managing LFC challenges in a power system consisting of two interconnected regions integrated with an offshore wind farm (OWF) using HVDC lines. Through a process of tuning, the Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA), an optimization technique, is used to change the coefficients of the TID controller. The suggested TID controller based on SCA optimization is evaluated through performance on a two-region interconnected power system that incorporates thermal, hydro, and WF power generation. A comparative performance analysis has been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimized controller. Different participation factors of thermal, hydro, and WFs in both areas are considered for the study. Also, various step load Disturbance (SLD) on the system is applied to investigate the hardiness of the presented controller. The optimization approach employs the Integral Square Error (ISE) as the designated objective function. The simulation outcomes validate that the TID controller exhibits superior dynamic performance compared to conventional controllers across different scenarios of step load disturbances (SLD).