Food industries have a substantial demand for non-biodegradable petroleum-derived packages due to their easy processability, higher strength, and durability. However, the environment faces severe ecological challenges triggered by polyolefin packages as they do not undergo natural decomposition. Using biopolymers in food packages is a promising way to solve these environmental issues. Recently, investigations have been conducted to impart mechanical, physical, thermal, and barrier properties to natural and synthetic biopolymeric films to be a perfect biodegradable replacement for polyolefin films. This chapter explores the natural and synthetic polymers that can be utilized in biodegradable active food packaging, emphasizing their features and mechanisms of natural decomposition. Here, the biopolymers current and potential applications are also mentioned. It also comprises detailed explanations regarding the methods to incorporate those biodegradable polymers into the food packages.