Diseases in aquatic animals, whether in wild or cultured environments, significantly impact their health and well-being. The interaction between host, pathogen, and environmental factors plays a crucial role in the manifestation of these diseases. Infectious diseases in fish often arise when susceptible individuals encounter virulent pathogens under stressful environmental conditions. The rapid growth of the aquaculture industry, driven by intensified farming practices to meet global demand for fish, has led to substantial economic benefits. However, this expansion has also introduced emerging diseases that pose serious ecological and economic threats. Aquatic animals are affected by a range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, each contributing to disease outbreaks and impacting production efficiency. Effective management of these diseases requires a comprehensive understanding of their dynamics and the development of robust control measures.