Biosecurity is a holistic and strategic concept that encompasses the frameworks, policies, and regulations aimed at analyzing and managing risks related to food safety, public health, animal and plant life and health, as well as associated environmental risks. The complex link between biosecurity measures and disease control in aquaculture is discussed in this chapter in addition to indicating the diverse effects of diseases on the economy and stressing the tenacious need for effective biosecurity guidelines. Employing chemotherapeutants under investigation, legislative policies, and expansive biosecurity strategies, the chapter provides useful methods for reducing the impacts of diseases on aquaculture. The principles and strategies of biosecurity are examined while reviewing the current situation of Indian aquaculture concerning biosecurity issues. The importance of the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH, Founded as OIE) aquatic standards is emphasized as an illustration of how essential biosecurity is for international health standards. In addition, farm biosecurity management practices, such as water sources, fish stock, and feeding recommended both for freshwater and shrimp farming, are discussed at length. Depending on innovative ideas such as “shrimp toilet” to manage diseases, the chapter further explored both farm-based and off-farm aspects of biosecurity, including protocols used during fish transportation. The chapter delves into improving biosecurity in aquaculture and discusses possible future roles of next-generation farm systems in aquaculture disease management. Overall, it will function as a scientific reference for scientists and other stakeholders on the importance of biosecurity in aquaculture operations for sustaining and adapting aquaculture systems.