Through the evaluation of the comprehensive literacy of college teachers, this paper objectively reflects the current situation of the comprehensive literacy of college teachers, finds out the key factors affecting the improvement of the comprehensive literacy of college teachers, and puts forward the improvement path according to it, so as to promote the professional development of college teachers. Based on data mining technology, this paper takes the data of university teachers from 2011 to 2015 as an example, and evaluates the comprehensive literacy of university teachers from an empirical perspective through data pre-processing, data modeling, model verification and other steps. The results show that the evaluation index system of comprehensive literacy of university teachers based on data mining technology is scientific and effective. On this basis, this paper puts forward the way to improve the comprehensive quality of college teachers, and provides reference for the development of teacher training in Chinese colleges and universities.