Under the background of the rapid development of information technology, teachers need to adjust their teaching ideas in time and use virtual information platform to carry out smart classroom teaching in order to optimize the classroom teaching process and stimulate the classroom teaching atmosphere. Therefore, this study explores the influence of classroom environment on teacher-student interaction by comparing the behavior sequence of intelligent classroom and traditional classroom. In addition, this paper randomly selected two classroom lessons from the third grade of a primary school in S city, one class used intelligent classroom as the experimental group, and the other class used traditional classroom as the control group. Through the review of classroom videos, observable behaviors were collected and sequentially coded. The study found that compared to the traditional classroom, the smart classroom triggered more active student participation in classroom activities, teacher-student communication became more frequent, and the number of student-led conversations was significantly higher. It shows that students’ initiative in the smart classroom has been well improved. Moreover, in the final test, 27 of the 31 students in the experimental group got more than 23 points (excellent), accounting for 20.5% of the grade. In addition, the workload of teachers was reduced, and they gained more support for the new teaching method of using mobile terminals in the data-rich environment. These findings provide evidence for the role of smart classrooms in increasing teacher-student interaction and strengthening student dominance. In addition, teachers can design interesting teaching activities based on the interests and personality characteristics of contemporary primary school students to capture their attention and quickly engage them in learning. Teachers can create scenes through the intelligent platform to strengthen collaborative learning, effectively improve the quality and efficiency of primary school English teaching, and further promote the all-round development of students.