Quantum computing is a cutting-edge field of research based on the principles of quantum mechanics, and if it uses qubits for computation, it will be very different from traditional binary-based computation. Quantum computers, by contrast, are theoretically more accurate and efficient than conventional computers because they can process larger amounts of information simultaneously. Moreover, research in this field is not only a major breakthrough in computing technology, but also has the potential to revolutionize many fields of science and engineering. Not only that, quantum computing can also break current encryption algorithms and help develop new and more secure technologies in cryptography, help understand and design new materials in material science, and solve complex optimization problems in areas such as logistics, finance, and data analysis. The experimental analysis shows that the processing accuracy of the quantum computing algorithm system in the experimental test is 97.02%, and the computing speed is 96.23% within 10 s. Although quantum computers are still in the early stages of development, their potential and application prospects have attracted great attention from scientists and engineers around the world.