In graphic design, how to strengthen the visual effect of graphics is an urgent problem for graphic designers at present. In view of the problem that the existing detection methods are limited to specific categories, and it is easy to misjudge, which leads to low detection accuracy, this paper plans to take food packaging as the research object, and use machine vision theory to build a food packaging processing system that can be used to detect quality defects such as packaging materials breakage, wrinkling and missing, so as to improve the stability of product quality. A total of 1000 packages of food were tested, and the number of missed inspections and false inspections in 10 groups did not exceed 2. In this paper, the image processing algorithm of packaging design based on machine vision can effectively reduce the number of missed and false detections.