Vegetable crops are an indispensable class of food source, providing valuable nutritional resources, such as vitamins, dietary fiber, carbohydrates, carotenoids, flavonoids, and so on. The developmental regulations of vegetable crops are very complicated and are not only inevitably influenced by environmental factors but also largely determined by genetic and epigenetic modifications. The balance between growth and defense is essential for the quality and yield of vegetable crops. Epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation, histone modification, histone variants, chromatin remodeling, noncoding RNAs, and mRNA methylation, fine-tune numerous biological and metabolic pathways. These processes are crucial to plant growth and development not only under normal conditions but also under environmental stimuli exclusively through activation or silencing of target genes. In recent years, increasing studies have revealed that epigenetic regulations are of importance to fruit development and ripening, suggesting that the epigenome of fruits could be dynamically modulated to achieve commercial value. This chapter updates the recent studies on the involvement and progress of epigenetic modifications in vegetable crops, especially for the growth, development, and stress response, providing considerations on the potential challenges in vegetable production.