This paper delves into the pivotal challenges and transformative impacts of information security within the digital healthcare landscape of developing countries. Emphasizing the critical role of digital transformation in healthcare, this study highlights how it fundamentally enhances the efficacy and efficiency of healthcare systems. Central to our exploration are the multifaceted impacts of emerging technologies on patient data management in electronic health records (EHRs), encompassing aspects of risk management, utilization of advanced security tools, big data analytics, and the integration of cloud computing. Our extensive literature review methodically examines the intricate interplay between these technological elements and their collective contribution to bolstering information security. We analyze various models and strategies currently being employed to safeguard sensitive healthcare data, addressing both technical and behavioral security challenges. The review synthesizes findings from a diverse array of sources, offering a nuanced understanding of how these security factors positively influence the digital healthcare transformation. By exploring these dimensions, the paper aims to analyze the ongoing developments in digital healthcare security in developing countries as well as identifying key barriers and improvement opportunities.