This paper compares three widely used motor control techniques: sliding mode control (SMC), proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, and fuzzy control. The objective is to evaluate their performance in achieving precise and stable motor control. The study introduces each technique’s principles, features, advantages, and limitations, emphasizing their ability to handle nonlinearities, uncertainties, and disturbances. Performance metrics such as tracking accuracy, response time, robustness, and disturbance rejection are analyzed through real-world case studies and simulations. The tuning process, parameter selection, and trade-offs between simplicity, complexity, and adaptability are discussed. The results highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each technique, with SMC showing robustness, PID offering simplicity, and fuzzy control exhibiting adaptability. Recommendations for selecting the appropriate technique are provided in the paper concludes by addressing current research trends and suggesting potential areas for future advancements in motor control techniques, specifically focusing on sliding mode control (SMC), proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, and fuzzy control.