Alienation, a multifaceted concept rooted in philosophy, sociology, and literature, finds expression in Marxist theory and the nuanced narratives of Indian diasporic writing. Karl Marx delineated the concept of alienation as a central feature of capitalist societies, identified its four forms, and emphasized that in the capitalist mode of production, the labor process becomes an alien force, distancing the workers from the creative and transformative aspects of their work. Alienation from one’s species refers to losing essential human qualities and degrading human potential within the capitalist system. Additionally, interpersonal relationships are affected as individuals are pitted against each other in a competitive economic environment. Marx’s perspective on alienation provides a lens through which to analyze the experiences of individuals within capitalist societies, revealing the dehumanizing impact of commodification and the alienating effects of labor exploitation.