This chapter elucidates the spectrum of hereditary corneal diseases through a series of high-quality images. It categorizes major dystrophies into groups based on the affected corneal layer: epithelial and subepithelial dystrophies, epithelial–stromal TGFBI dystrophies, stromal dystrophies, and endothelial dystrophies. The atlas begins with vivid clinical photographs of epithelial dystrophies, illustrating the fine details of microcystic changes and map–dot–fingerprint patterns. Subepithelial dystrophies are depicted to show the characteristic opacities at the Bowman layer. A series of images of epithelial–stromal TGFBI dystrophies, such as Reis–Bücklers and Thiel–Behnke, provide insights into the varied presentations of collagen abnormalities. Stromal dystrophies, including granular, macular, and lattice dystrophies, are visually chronicled to highlight the distinctive corneal deposits and textural changes. Finally, the atlas presents the morphological features of Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy and posterior polymorphous dystrophy, among others. This chapter offers ophthalmologists a detailed visual reference for diagnosing these complex and often visually debilitating conditions.