The Legislative Documents That Aim to Sustainably Manage and Use the VMD Coast
摘要
This chapter provides an overview of the twelve legislative documents intended to promote the sustainable management and use of the VMD coast. Three of these documents are particularly relevant and considered most important when planning the sustainable management and use of the VMD coast for socio-economic development and better adaptation to negative impact of climate change and rising sea levels: Decisions 667, 957 and 17. Decisions 667 and 957 address coastal erosion control, while Decision 17 relates to the protection of coastal mangrove forests. The two coastal erosion control decisions set out the engineering and ecological measures employed to sustainably manage the VMD coast. Engineering solutions include realigning the existing sea dyke system and identifying new locations for constructing sea dykes. These solutions require a focus on utilizing natural features, such as elevated areas and stable geological formations, for reinforcement. They also require consideration of the resettlement and relocation of communities at risk of erosion and the creation of intertidal mudflats for future mangrove planting through the construction of shoreline and offshore measures. Meanwhile, ecological engineering solutions include strict protection of existing sand dunes and intertidal mudflats, as well as strict management of the exploitation of coastal resources. The mangrove protection decision involves sustainable management and use of coastal mangrove protection forests, prevention of forest fires, new forest development, and allocation of mangrove forests to local communities for protection and local improvement through a co-management scheme. Both mangrove protection and new forest development require an understanding of natural conditions and how to apply them during implementation.