Enhancing Intellectual Property Rights Management Through Blockchain Technology, Smart Contracts, and IPFS: An Integrative Approach

This research investigates the synergistic integration of blockchain technology, smart contracts, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), and the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to construct a transparent and secure architecture for Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) management. Addressing the limitations inherent in centralized registration systems—such as bureaucratic latency, opacity, and single points of failure—this study proposes a decentralized framework designed to ensure data immutability and verifiable ownership. A core component of this analysis involves a comparative economic evaluation of transaction costs and operational efficiency across four specific EVM-compatible environments: Ethereum (Sepolia), BNB Chain (Testnet), Monad (Testnet), and Polygon (Amoy). The empirical findings aim to identify the optimal infrastructure for scalable deployment, highlighting how these distributed ledger technologies can be leveraged to minimize administrative overhead while fostering a trust-minimized ecosystem for the digital economy.