Quantum Multicast Communication in Mesh-of-Trees Networks: A Teleportation-Based Approach

Quantum multicast communication represents a fundamental challenge in quantum networking due to the no-cloning theorem, which prohibits perfect replication of unknown quantum states. The existing approach requires fixed circular topologies and sequential encoding along predetermined paths. Our work enables arbitrary flexible aggregation routes that can adapt to network conditions and node availability. Specifically, we present a novel, two-stage quantum communication multicast architecture for mesh-of-trees networks. In the first stage, a designated aggregation node generates a target quantum state by running a path-based aggregation protocol along a predefined path. In the second stage, multiple copies of this state are created and distributed to receivers across different sub-trees using a fan-out mechanism based on quantum teleportation. This architecture ensures that all receivers, regardless of their location, receive identical quantum states. The proposed system enables the delivery of quantum states to multiple destinations while overcoming key constraints of quantum mechanics, laying a practical groundwork for future quantum internet infrastructure.