The increasing demand for electricity in rural regions, in addition to need for efficient post-harvest crop management, demands sustainable and localized energy solutions. However, in a number of villages in the agriculturally wealthy regions of Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh in India, there is an ongoing shortage of electricity and a large amount of grain wastage as a result of the dependence on sunlight for drying after harvesting. This research describes a biomass-based cogeneration system that combines a drier system (DS) for post-harvest grain drying with an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) for electricity generation. The thermal energy is produced by the combustion of the post-harvest agricultural residues like straw, husk, and bagasse. This heat is captured by the ORC to produce electricity, and the leftover heat is effectively recovered to be used in the drying process of two crops paddy and wheat for safe storage. The study also concentrates on improving the ORC's working fluid in order to boost system effectiveness. Findings indicate that the combustion of agricultural residues yields a total heat output of 2307.6 kW, out of which approximately 915 kW of useful thermal energy is effectively harnessed to operate the proposed cogeneration system. It successfully satisfies the communities’ needs for drying and electricity, producing 141.5 kW of electricity with a power plant efficiency of 24.61 and 31.11% dryer efficiency. This sustainable technique highlights the potential of agricultural residues as a useful energy source for post-harvest dehydration and rural electricity.