Presentation and Evaluation of Gastric Carcinoma

According to GLOBOCAN 2022 data, gastric cancer ranks as the fifth most prevalent malignancy, accounting for 4.9% of all newly diagnosed cancer cases. Gastric cancer is a multifactorial condition, with both environmental and genetic factors contributing to its development. Because gastric cancer often presents with vague and non-specific symptoms, a large proportion of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is the primary diagnostic modality for gastric cancer, allowing direct visualization of the gastric mucosa and enabling tissue biopsy for histopathological confirmation. This chapter briefly outlines the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and staging of gastric cancer.