Evaluation and Staging of Paranasal Sinus Cancer

Paranasal sinus malignancies are relatively uncommon, representing less than 1% of all malignancies and approximately 3% of head and neck cancers. Sinonasal malignancies typically manifest in individuals in their sixth decade of life or later, with a higher incidence observed in the white population. The predominant histological subtypes observed in India are squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Patients presenting with sinonasal malignancies may exhibit nonspecific symptoms including nasal obstruction, discharge, epistaxis, facial pain or swelling, anosmia, and proptosis. A meticulous inquiry into the duration and progression of each symptom is essential. The initial investigation to diagnose a paranasal sinus malignancy is endoscopy. This chapter describes the evaluation and staging of sino-nasal malignancy.