Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality with limited effective treatment options. Terahertz (THz) wave technology, an emerging physical therapy modality, shows great promise in tissue repair due to its unique biological effects. This study utilized proteomics to systematically investigate the molecular mechanisms of THz treatment for TBI in a porcine model. The results show that THz may influence brain tissue growth by participating in regulating biological processes such as cell cycle and apoptosis. Our findings provide proteomic evidence for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying THz-mediated neuroprotection and repair, contributing to the future clinical translation.