Geospatial Techniques for Groundwater Potential Assessment and Quality Mapping in Mathura Tehsil of Uttar Pradesh, India

Groundwater plays an important role as a major benefactor to the overall annual water supply. This study attempts to delineate prospective groundwater regions using remote sensing and GIS technology and categorize areas with potable water quality in the Mathura Tehsil of Uttar Pradesh, India. Analytical hierarchy process and weighted overlay analysis were applied to generate a groundwater potential zone map, considering key elements like drainage density, NDVI, NDWI, NDSI, soil characteristics, lineament density, and slope and classify the area into low, moderate, and high susceptibility zones. Additionally, the water quality index (WQI) of the collected groundwater samples was calculated based on various physicochemical parameters, including pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate, and carbonate, following standard methods which indicates that the groundwater quality in Mathura Tehsil is largely unsuitable for human consumption but suitable for irrigation purposes due to low-sodium hazard levels.