Antibacterial Peptides Against Helicobacter pylori

With the accelerating rise in bacterial resistance and declining efficacy in triple and quadruple therapies for the Helicobacter pylori infection, antibacterial peptides have attracted extensive interests. Exerting multiple anti-infection mechanisms including direct killing, indirect protection, as well as immune regulation, these antibacterial peptides are less likely to induce resistance and more feasible for diverse engineering to achieve the optimal anti-infection potency. The presented chapter started with introducing the anti-infection mechanisms, then followed by summarizing the natural mining and rational design based discovery approaches, as well as the chemical structure modification and delivery system engineering assisted optimization strategies of antibacterial peptides. Challenges limiting the clinical applications of these antibacterial peptides were discussed by the end, with research perspectives being provided for the development of the novel peptide antibiotics for the effective and safe treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in future.