Resilience Assessment of Bus-Metro Integrated Networks Considering Passenger Decision-Making Behaviour

This study examines bus-metro integrated networks by establishing a resilience assessment framework incorporating passenger decision-making behaviour. The research first develops a passenger path selection probability model based on random utility theory and the multi-path Logit model, incorporating factors such as travel time, waiting duration, and transfer frequency to characterise passenger travel preferences. Subsequently, integrating the resilience triangle principle, a composite performance metric comprising travel efficiency ratio and service efficiency ratio is proposed to quantify the network’s dynamic response under disturbances. In the empirical section, three typical scenarios—random station failures, hub station failures, and line-level disruptions—are designed based on the actual scale characteristics of Wuhan’s bus and metro systems. Simulation analyses are conducted to examine the evolution of network performance. Results indicate that random stop failures exert minimal impact on overall operations, while hub failures significantly degrade performance. Line-level disruptions cause the most severe performance degradation, exhibiting pronounced inter-layer propagation effects.