The accurate prediction of dynamic performance in permanent magnet levitation trains is limited by the precision of magnetic force modeling under complex spatial postures. This study combines finite element simulation and experimental tests to systematically analyze magnetic forces under translational and rotational conditions. Results show that the levitation force decreases by 47.33% as lateral displacement increases from 0 to 15 mm, indicating a risk of lateral instability. Using the Spearman correlation coefficient method, the influence of five posture parameters is quantified, confirming the levitation gap and lateral displacement as dominant factors for levitation and lateral forces, respectively, and the influence of the roll angle cannot be ignored. Furthermore, the effects of pitch, yaw, and roll angles on magnetic flux density under rotational conditions were examined to elucidate the mechanism of magnetic force variation. This study providing an reference for performance analysis and optimization of permanent magnet levitation systems.