Exploring Effects of V2V Connectivity Performance on Autonomous Transportation System Interoperability Affected by Traffic Density and Communication Radius

The interoperability of Autonomous Transportation System (ATS) refers to the probability of exchanging information and effectively utilizing it within a specified time under certain conditions. Existing research has primarily focused on the impact of connectivity performance on vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication performance, including communication delay, connection probability, packet loss probability, etc. Aiming at the interactions among vehicles in the ATS environment, this paper proposes an ATS interoperability assessment framework that comprehensively characterizes the influence of connectivity performance on system interoperability and explores its underlying mechanism, where the connectivity performance is affected by traffic density and communication radius. Firstly, connectivity performance is measured by communication delay and connection probability. Communication delay is assumed to follow a normal distribution in this paper. Connection probability is calculated by a channel model which is constructed based on an intelligent connected vehicle system model to simulate the information transmission process in V2V communication, where the relationship between vehicle spacing and traffic density is involved. At last, the SUMO and OMNET++ simulation tools are used to simulate the ATS scenario and evaluate the interoperability. Simulation results show that interoperability increases with traffic density, but once a high-density state is reached, the interoperability performance starts to decline. Expanding the communication radius can improve system interoperability to some extent, while adverse weather conditions, such as rain and snow, result in a decrease in interoperability.