Global Energy Demand and Bioenergy Potential

Global energy demand is projected to rise sharply by 2050 due to accelerating industrialization, urbanization, and population growth, necessitating sustainable and low-carbon energy alternatives. This chapter examines the role of bioenergy as a key component of the future global energy system, highlighting its renewability, carbon neutrality potential, and compatibility with existing infrastructure. It reviews global biomass availability, theoretical and sustainable bioenergy potentials, and scenario-based projections. The chapter also discusses critical constraints, including land use, food security, environmental impacts, and resource sustainability, emphasizing the need for integrated technologies, policies, and interdisciplinary strategies to responsibly harness bioenergy potential.