Daily Etiquette conveys objects, thoughts, and emotions. Systems of titles and honorifics developed to reflect monastic rank, religious roles, and interpersonal respect. The seven basic categories of disciples listed in Buddhist scriptures include: bhikṣu, bhikṣuṇī, śrāmaṇera, śrāmaṇerī, śikṣamāṇā, upāsaka, and upāsikā. Titles such as the abbot (fangzhang 方丈), the head monk (shouzuo 首座), the hall master (dianzhu 殿主), the lord of the Buddhist canon (zangzhu 藏主), the head of the estate (zhuangzhu 莊主), the head cook (dianzuo 典座), the rector, the overseer elder, dharma masters, chan master, master, and disciple serve as expressions of humility and mutual respect. Buddhists regard the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha as Three Treasures, the objects of faith and reverence. To honor and venerate the Three Treasures, people ought to be familiar with basic forms of religious etiquette, knowing how and when to join palms, salute and inquire, and worship. Meanwhile, bhikṣus and bhikṣuṇīs must uphold majestic behaviors of walking, standing, sitting, and lying in their daily lives.

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Daily Etiquette of Chinese Han Buddhists

  • Kai Sheng

摘要

Daily Etiquette conveys objects, thoughts, and emotions. Systems of titles and honorifics developed to reflect monastic rank, religious roles, and interpersonal respect. The seven basic categories of disciples listed in Buddhist scriptures include: bhikṣu, bhikṣuṇī, śrāmaṇera, śrāmaṇerī, śikṣamāṇā, upāsaka, and upāsikā. Titles such as the abbot (fangzhang 方丈), the head monk (shouzuo 首座), the hall master (dianzhu 殿主), the lord of the Buddhist canon (zangzhu 藏主), the head of the estate (zhuangzhu 莊主), the head cook (dianzuo 典座), the rector, the overseer elder, dharma masters, chan master, master, and disciple serve as expressions of humility and mutual respect. Buddhists regard the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha as Three Treasures, the objects of faith and reverence. To honor and venerate the Three Treasures, people ought to be familiar with basic forms of religious etiquette, knowing how and when to join palms, salute and inquire, and worship. Meanwhile, bhikṣus and bhikṣuṇīs must uphold majestic behaviors of walking, standing, sitting, and lying in their daily lives.