Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are a significant global health issue, responsible for 41 million deaths annually, or 74% of global mortality. Diabetes alone caused 2 million deaths in 2022, and Indonesia ranks 5th in diabetes prevalence worldwide. Cases in the country are projected to rise from 19.5 million to 28.6 million by 2045. Cardiovascular diseases also present a substantial burden, contributing to approximately 650 million deaths. Key risk factors like high systolic blood pressure and elevated fasting plasma glucose have worsened these outcomes. In 2019, diabetes mellitus accounted for 1.8% of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in Indonesia, emphasizing the need for effective monitoring tools. Traditional invasive methods for measuring glucose, cholesterol, and hemoglobin levels often cause discomfort, highlighting the need for a non-invasive alternative. This study aims to develop a non-invasive device using near-infrared (NIR) light at 940 nm and BPW34 photodiodes, integrated with the COCOBIN mobile application, to measure glucose, cholesterol, and hemoglobin levels. Involving 60 participants, the study compared COCOBIN device readings against a standard Glucose, Cholesterol, and Uric Acid (GCU) meter. Results indicated the COCOBIN device achieved 86% accuracy for glucose, with an error rate of 14%; 87% accuracy for cholesterol, with a 13% error rate; and 88% accuracy for hemoglobin, with a 12% error rate. These findings demonstrate the device’s potential as an accurate, non-invasive alternative to traditional methods, enhancing patient compliance and supporting early health risk detection.

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Development of a Non-Invasive Approach to Glucose, Cholesterol, and Hemoglobin Monitoring

  • Nur Hasanah Ahniar,
  • Siddiq Andrianto,
  • Rinda Nur Hidayati,
  • Gita Rindang Lestari,
  • Anita Miftahul Maghfiroh

摘要

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are a significant global health issue, responsible for 41 million deaths annually, or 74% of global mortality. Diabetes alone caused 2 million deaths in 2022, and Indonesia ranks 5th in diabetes prevalence worldwide. Cases in the country are projected to rise from 19.5 million to 28.6 million by 2045. Cardiovascular diseases also present a substantial burden, contributing to approximately 650 million deaths. Key risk factors like high systolic blood pressure and elevated fasting plasma glucose have worsened these outcomes. In 2019, diabetes mellitus accounted for 1.8% of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in Indonesia, emphasizing the need for effective monitoring tools. Traditional invasive methods for measuring glucose, cholesterol, and hemoglobin levels often cause discomfort, highlighting the need for a non-invasive alternative. This study aims to develop a non-invasive device using near-infrared (NIR) light at 940 nm and BPW34 photodiodes, integrated with the COCOBIN mobile application, to measure glucose, cholesterol, and hemoglobin levels. Involving 60 participants, the study compared COCOBIN device readings against a standard Glucose, Cholesterol, and Uric Acid (GCU) meter. Results indicated the COCOBIN device achieved 86% accuracy for glucose, with an error rate of 14%; 87% accuracy for cholesterol, with a 13% error rate; and 88% accuracy for hemoglobin, with a 12% error rate. These findings demonstrate the device’s potential as an accurate, non-invasive alternative to traditional methods, enhancing patient compliance and supporting early health risk detection.