The European Union’s Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) requires Digital Product Passports (DPPs) to improve transparency, traceability, and circularity throughout product lifecycles. However, existing systems face challenges with interoperability, privacy, and governance. This paper introduces a hybrid blockchain setup combining Hyperledger Fabric for confidential data handling with Algorand for public verification, managed through a DPP Gateway that supports Verifiable Credentials (VC), Decentralized Identifiers (DID), and Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKP). A comparison of five blockchain platforms reveals the benefits behind this dual-ledger approach. The design is implemented through lifecycle workflows and specific industry use cases, illustrating privacy-focused, auditable, and scalable DPP processes. By aligning the technical framework with regulatory aspects and circular economy goals, this work offers a conceptual model for interoperable, regulation-compliant DPP systems flexible enough for various industries and regions.

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Towards Interoperable Digital Product Passports: A Dual-Ledger Blockchain Approach

  • Jophiel Arevalo Enriquez,
  • Babu Pillai,
  • Aravinda S. Rao,
  • Vallipuram Muthukkumarasamy

摘要

The European Union’s Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) requires Digital Product Passports (DPPs) to improve transparency, traceability, and circularity throughout product lifecycles. However, existing systems face challenges with interoperability, privacy, and governance. This paper introduces a hybrid blockchain setup combining Hyperledger Fabric for confidential data handling with Algorand for public verification, managed through a DPP Gateway that supports Verifiable Credentials (VC), Decentralized Identifiers (DID), and Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKP). A comparison of five blockchain platforms reveals the benefits behind this dual-ledger approach. The design is implemented through lifecycle workflows and specific industry use cases, illustrating privacy-focused, auditable, and scalable DPP processes. By aligning the technical framework with regulatory aspects and circular economy goals, this work offers a conceptual model for interoperable, regulation-compliant DPP systems flexible enough for various industries and regions.