A Review on The Effect of Building Design on Air Circulation and Thermal Comfort in Indoor Environment

This review paper explores how building design elements such as ceiling height, room layout, and dimensions critically influence air circulation, the formation of thermal plumes, and the dispersion of airborne particles in indoor environments. Present study aims to synthesise existing research on these design elements and their impact on airflow patterns and ventilation design. The paper identifies key factors including ceiling height and the arrangement of obstacles like furniture, which significantly affect Indoor Air circulation. Findings suggest that higher ceilings, typically over 4 m, enhance airflow patterns and contribute to thermal stratification layers of air at varying temperatures within a space, which can significantly influence both air movement and particle dispersion. Higher ceilings resulting airflow patterns can cause particles to remain suspended longer. Leads to more extensive dispersion. Therefore, targeted airflow control strategies are necessary to manage air circulation. Room with lower ceilings typically experience quicker particle settling, making localised ventilation control is needed. This review underscores the importance of thoughtful building design in promoting optimal air circulation and minimizing health risks associated with poor air quality. The insights from this paper are pivotal in developing strategies to improve Indoor Air quality, especially in light of climate change’s impact on building design. This review aligns with the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3, which focuses on ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being. By understanding how building design influences Indoor Air quality and thermal comfort, it supports policies aimed at promoting human comfort and reducing health risks associated with poor air circulation.