The Effects of Surface Texture to the Friction and Wear in Linear Motion

The presence of dimples on moving surfaces can improve friction and wear performance, but their effectiveness varies with factors such as geometry, distribution, and aspect ratio. No single dimple design suits all conditions, as performance depends on specific operating parameters. This study aims to evaluate the tribological performance of textured aluminum surfaces, specifically cylindrical and square patterns, in terms of the coefficient of friction (COF), wear scar lengths, and physical wear characteristics. Aluminum surfaces with smooth, square, and cylindrical textures were created via Laser Surface Texturing (LST) and tested using a linear reciprocating tribometer under ASTM G133 standards, tests were conducted with Shell Turbo Oil T46 as a lubricant, at loads of 30 N to 50 N and speeds of 2 Hz to 10 Hz. Results show textured surfaces significantly reduce friction and wear compared to smooth surfaces. Cylindrical textures at 30 N reduced the coefficient of friction (COF) by 18%, improving lubrication stability. At 50 N, square textures achieved a 30% COF reduction, demonstrating superior lubricant retention and load distribution. Wear scar analysis revealed cylindrical textures reduced wear lengths by 20% at lower loads, while square textures showed a 35% reduction at higher loads. These findings highlight the effectiveness of square textures under increased mechanical stress, providing valuable insights for enhancing the durability and efficiency of mechanical components.