Calculation of Voltage Distribution and Electric Fields of Amorphous Alloy Transformers Based on the Model of Lightning Impulse

This study focuses on a 110 kV amorphous alloy transformer and investigates the wave process and electric field simulation under lightning impulse voltage. First, using finite element simulation software and analytical methods, the capacitance and inductance parameters of the 110 kV transformer windings were obtained. Next, a lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the transformer was built in circuit calculation software, using standard lightning full-wave as the voltage excitation. Interactive Simulation was used to obtain the voltage distribution for each unit. Finally, the winding voltage at the moment of maximum potential was used as the boundary condition, and a 2D model of the amorphous alloy transformer was constructed in finite element simulation software for electric field simulation. The results show significant electric field concentration at both the HV and LV winding ends. Additionally, local electric field intensity increases at the corners of the voltage-regulating winding end, indicating weak insulation areas. These regions should be carefully considered and protected in insulation design. This research provides theoretical guidance and engineering reference for the optimization of insulation design.