Introduction: Reframing Ageing for the Innovation Century

This chapter argues that population ageing should be seen not as a burden, but as an opportunity to rethink how societies function. Rather than focusing only on rising costs and dependency, it highlights the valuable contributions older people can make to innovation, the economy, and community life. It points out that many current institutions—such as work structures, pension systems, and healthcare—are outdated and no longer fit longer life spans. With better design, including flexible work, lifelong learning, and more inclusive technologies, people can remain active and productive for longer. Overall, the chapter calls for a shift in perspective: societies that recognize the value of experience and design systems for all ages will be better placed to adapt and succeed.