Lattice Boltzmann Method: Multiphase

Multiphase LBMs are introduced as numerical tools for simulating complex interfacial phenomena such as droplet breakup, coalescence, wetting, and phase separation. The discussion focuses on representative multiphase models, particularly the color-gradient and pseudopotential approaches, which are widely used in inkjet printing and phase-change simulations. Key numerical procedures for handling density and viscosity contrasts, interfacial tension, and wetting behavior are presented. These topics provide the methodological foundation for applying multiphase LBM to practical droplet and interface-dominated flow problems.