Due to the continuous growth of the capacity of grid-connected wind power generation system and the increase in transmission distance, the interaction between diverse equipment and the power system has become more intense, and has gradually had a significant impact on the synchronous stability. To improve the transient synchronous stability of the grid-connected wind power generation system under short-circuit faults. A transient stability control strategy with the automatic current regulation system is proposed by considering the equivalent rotor swing equation of the grid-connected wind power generation system. The proposed strategy has an enhancing effect on the virtual moment of inertia and virtual damping torque, significantly reduces the risk of the loss of synchronization under short-circuit faults. Firstly, the design method of the automatic current regulation to improve the synchronization characteristics is proposed. On this basis, the impact of the automatic current regulation system on the equilibrium points and the equivalent equal-area criterion are analyzed, respectively. Finally, the correctness of the control strategy based on automatic current regulation is confirmed through simulations.