Operational Challenges of 3D Laser Scanning for Digital Data Capture of Construction Sites

Purpose: 3D laser scanning technology has emerged as a transformative technology for digital data capture in construction, enabling precise as-built digital documentation, enhanced work verification, quality inspection and digital twin development. However, its implementation in dynamic construction environments presents operational challenges, and understanding challenges would help develop best practices to achieve the most out of this technology. This paper explores the operational challenges in practice, discussing potential mitigation strategies and best practices to optimize 3D laser scanning in construction projects. Design/methodology/approach: This study adopted a site observation on nine (9) multi-case studies of ongoing construction projects through a practical application of 3D laser scanning for data capture and processing. Findings: The operation of 3D laser scanning presents twofold challenges: Field Data Capturing: Environmental Conditions, Ground Conditions, Managing Workers and Public Interactions, Inadequate Preparation and planning, Site Complexity and Obstacles, Technical Proficiency & Equipment Handling, and Scan inability to capture cover-up works. Data Processing Challenges: Handling Large Datasets, Time-consuming Manual Alignments, Noisy Data and Cleanup, Redundant and Overlapping Data. Originality/Value: The study presents a practical identification of challenges associated with 3D laser scanning technology when capturing and processing digital data. By addressing these operational barriers, the industry can better leverage this technology to enhance digital construction workflows and improve project outcomes.