Enhancing Nature-Based Solutions in Construction Through 3D Modelling and Simulation Software

In recent years, nature-based solutions (NBS) have gained significant attention due to their potential to enhance construction practices. These solutions promote the creation of sustainable buildings and infrastructure while addressing various environmental challenges, such as climate change and biodiversity loss. Advancements in digital technology, particularly 3D modelling and simulation software, have become essential tools for designing, planning, and visualising construction projects, enabling improved planning and implementation of eco-friendly practices. This study conducts a bibliometric review of research from 2015 to 2025 using the Scopus database. The findings reveal a growing focus on integrating digital tools to enhance green infrastructure, decision-making, and stakeholder engagement throughout the construction process. These technologies can facilitate better design visualisation and performance assessment, improving decision-making in sustainable building projects. However, the study also identifies key challenges, including high implementation costs, technical limitations, a lack of standardised frameworks, and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration. Addressing these challenges requires policy support, research investment, and capacity-building efforts to bridge the gap between digital innovation and sustainable construction practices. This study offers valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals to develop and implement NBS further using advanced digital tools, ultimately contributing to more resilient and eco-friendly built environments.