Implementation of an Effective Battery Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicle Applications

Electric vehicles (EVs) have evolved as an alternative for minimizing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. Nevertheless, effective thermal management of battery packs remains a critical challenge, as elevated temperatures can damage the performance, reduce lifespan, and stance safety risks. In this work, an integrated Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS) is designed to obtain optimal operating temperatures under varying load and environmental conditions. Temperature sensing, liquid cooling, and active cooling mechanisms are incorporated in this proposed work to ensure sustained thermal behavior. A detailed model of the proposed BTMS is developed and analyzed using MATLAB/Simulink. A small prototype model is implemented to validate the simulation results. The results obtained from the simulation and experimental investigations confirm that the system successfully mitigates overheating, enhances thermal stability, and improves the overall safety and reliability of EV battery operation. The findings contribute to ongoing research on advanced BTMS strategies and highlight the need for innovative thermal solutions to support the expanding domain of sustainable electric transportation.