The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) requires secure and efficient communication within dynamic, large-scale environments. Traditional IP-based architectures face challenges related to scalability, mobility, and security. To address these challenges, Named Data Networking (NDN) has been introduced as a promising alternative. Using this concept, we present a cryptographic integration of certificateless signatures with NDN for the IoV. The proposed scheme considered NDN’s data-centric architecture, enabling seamless content retrieval and distribution, while certificateless signatures ensure authentication, integrity, and non-repudiation. The proposed scheme incorporates time-based key updates to support efficient revocation of compromised entities, ensuring robust security in highly mobile environments. For security, the proposed scheme employs lightweight Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptography (HCC) to secure content distribution among vehicles and infrastructure, considering NDN’s caching and content distribution policies. Performance evaluation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the related schemes in terms of computation time and communication overhead.