Eastern West Java is located within the Sunda Arc subduction system, where the Indo-Australian Plate subducts northward beneath the Eurasian Plate, forming a volcanic arc with both single-chain and double-chain systems in this area. Previous studies have primarily relied on K–Ar dating of scattered samples to infer volcanic activity but have not fully integrated geochemical variations across time and space, limiting the understanding of volcanic evolution in the region. To better understand the volcanic evolution of eastern West Java, we conducted whole-rock geochemical analyses and zircon U–Pb dating on volcanic rocks across the arc. Our results reveal a systematic geochemical transition, with increasing concentrations of incompatible elements indicating a decrease in the degree of partial melting northward along the subduction zone. Zircon U–Pb ages suggest that magmatic activity migrated from the volcanic front (Malabar, 6.8–4.4 Ma) to the rear arc (Sunda and Tangkuban Parahu, 4.0–0.4 Ma), with Guntur acting as a transitional boundary between these two tectonic settings. Our findings indicate that variations in the depth of partial melting rather than changes in subduction angle primarily control the observed geochemical trends. This study enhances our understanding of magma generation processes in subduction zones and provides new insights into the tectonic and magmatic evolution of eastern West Java within the Sunda Arc.