The significance of translation and interpreting in communication has grown due to globalisation, facilitating interactions between speakers of different languages. In response, various countries have invested in training professionals to meet the increasing demand. This has led to expanded research, the establishment of specialised institutions, and the introduction of undergraduate and postgraduate programmes. By 2011, for example, Europe alone had approximately 143 master’s programmes in translation and interpreting (Munday, 2012: 11). These developments, alongside conferences and scholarly publications, have helped translation and interpreting emerge as standalone academic disciplines. Using a historical approach, this chapter examines Tanzania’s response to global efforts in advancing translation and interpreting. It evaluates past and present achievements, methodologies, and challenges while offering recommendations for future development. The chapter addresses three key questions: When did translation and interpreting begin to be taught as academic subjects in Tanzania, and what methods were used? What is the current state of translation and interpreting studies and their teaching in Tanzania? What is the future of these disciplines in the country?