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The European Union (EU), as one of the largest economies in the world, has long been at the forefront of global climate governance. Since the 1990s, the EU has actively shaped and driven international climate policies, progressively developing a multi-layered governance system characterized by a combination of policy measures and market-based instruments. The EU’s commitment to climate action is evidenced through pivotal international agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol and the European Green Deal [1]. This chapter focuses on the evolution of the EU’s climate governance framework, exploring its policy development, leadership role in global negotiations, and the impact of its member states, particularly France and Germany, in shaping the EU’s climate trajectory [2].

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The European Union and Climate Governance: Evolution of Leaderships the Systems

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Xiaolong Zou

摘要

The European Union (EU), as one of the largest economies in the world, has long been at the forefront of global climate governance. Since the 1990s, the EU has actively shaped and driven international climate policies, progressively developing a multi-layered governance system characterized by a combination of policy measures and market-based instruments. The EU’s commitment to climate action is evidenced through pivotal international agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol and the European Green Deal [1]. This chapter focuses on the evolution of the EU’s climate governance framework, exploring its policy development, leadership role in global negotiations, and the impact of its member states, particularly France and Germany, in shaping the EU’s climate trajectory [2].