This chapter focuses on the background and evolutionary process of ASEAN’s climate governance, with particular attention to its dual challenges at present: at the international level, the lack of a legally binding mechanism and the susceptibility to great-power rivalry; at the national level, disparities in development levels among member states result in uneven governance practices and limited regional coordination. Based on this analysis, the paper further proposes a set of policy recommendations, including reforming the “ASEAN Way” decision-making mechanism, actively responding to the influence of global geopolitical changes, formulating differentiated governance targets according to national development capacities, and strengthening both intra-regional and extra-regional cooperation.