Morphing aircrafts exhibit significant advantages in terms of flight adaptability and dynamic maneuverability enhancement, yet the integrated morphing and attitude control remains a critical challenge. This study investigates the integrated morphing and attitude control problems for morphing aircrafts. Departing from conventional fixed-configuration morphing strategies, we propose a novel online morphing strategy that dynamically optimizes the lift-drag ratio by regulating morphing ratio of the wing sweep angle. To address morphing-induced uncertainties, including the aerodynamic parameter variations and external disturbances caused by deformation, a novel prescribed-time control (PTC) method based on prescribed-time disturbance observers (PTDOs) is proposed to realize fast and robust control. The PTDOs achieve rapid and precise estimations of lumped disturbances, while the PTC guarantees the tracking errors of height and velocity commands converge to a residual set of the origin within a user-defined time. Moreover, Lyapunov-based convergence analysis rigorously establishes the stability of the closed-loop system under the proposed method. Finally, theoretical proofs and high-fidelity numerical simulations jointly validate the framework’s effectiveness in convergence speed, robustness, and operational flexibility.