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The surge in global wind energy capacity escalates lightning hazards, leading to severe transient overvoltages that endanger system reliability. Although surge protective devices (SPDs) are essential for mitigation, field validation under actual cases is scarce. This study investigates the transient response of a 5-kW wind turbine via artificial lightning current injection tests. SPDs were installed at the switch box at the tower base and a control room 30 meters away. By varying SPD configurations and injection current amplitudes, the variation laws of three-phase voltages at the two measurement points were analyzed. Results demonstrate that installing SPDs at both the switch box and the control room provides superior suppression compared to configurations with an SPD solely at the control room or without any SPD protection. Additionally, the protective performance remains stable regardless of the injection current magnitude. These findings provide an empirical basis for optimizing SPD allocation and offer practical insights for refining wind power lightning protection designs.

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Study on Protection Characteristics of Wind Power System under SPD Configuration: Effects of Different SPD Configurations and Different Lightning Current Amplitudes

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Ziyi Wang,
  • Huaixiang Wang,
  • Keyan Sheng,
  • Xin Huang,
  • Yiyu Lin,
  • Mi Zhou,
  • Jiangtao Chen,
  • Jianguo Wang,
  • Li Cai

摘要

The surge in global wind energy capacity escalates lightning hazards, leading to severe transient overvoltages that endanger system reliability. Although surge protective devices (SPDs) are essential for mitigation, field validation under actual cases is scarce. This study investigates the transient response of a 5-kW wind turbine via artificial lightning current injection tests. SPDs were installed at the switch box at the tower base and a control room 30 meters away. By varying SPD configurations and injection current amplitudes, the variation laws of three-phase voltages at the two measurement points were analyzed. Results demonstrate that installing SPDs at both the switch box and the control room provides superior suppression compared to configurations with an SPD solely at the control room or without any SPD protection. Additionally, the protective performance remains stable regardless of the injection current magnitude. These findings provide an empirical basis for optimizing SPD allocation and offer practical insights for refining wind power lightning protection designs.