Artificial Intelligence (AI) has journeyed from ancient philosophical concepts and early computational ideas to become a transformative power in modern society. This chapter explores the historical progression of AI, starting with its conceptual roots in ancient philosophy and early mechanical computing. In the mid-twentieth century, AI emerged as a recognized academic field, driven by pioneers such as Alan Turing and the Dartmouth Conference of 1956. Despite facing significant challenges, including what is now termed the “AI winters” of the 1970s and 1980s, the field experienced a resurgence fueled by advances in machine learning, expert systems, and probabilistic reasoning. The twenty-first century has brought an unprecedented AI boom, marked by breakthroughs in deep learning, big data, and increased computational power, leading to advancements in automation, natural language processing, and decision-making systems. Grounded in the theory of technological determinism, this chapter uses a document analysis method to examine AI’s historical trajectory, key milestones, and ongoing challenges. It also reflects on AI’s ethical implications and future potential in shaping digital transformation.