Overview of Magnetic Miniature Robots

A magnetic field, which is both transparent and relatively safe for biological tissues, serves as an effective tool for remotely actuating and wirelessly controlling magnetic devices. Miniature robots, capable of navigating complex and narrow regions within the human body and manipulating entities at the subcellular level, face challenges in integrating onboard components due to their small size. By combining magnetic fields with these miniature robots, significant advancements have been made over the past two decades, particularly in medical and bioengineering applications. To enhance the scientific and clinical outcomes of these tiny agents, developing appropriate and reliable actuation systems is crucial. Magnetic actuation systems, a rapidly emerging field, have shown great promise in recent years. They provide a safe and efficient means of remotely controlling miniature robots using dynamic magnetic fields. This context explores the current state-of-the-art in magnetic actuation systems for miniature robots, aiming to offer readers a comprehensive understanding of magnetic actuation and guidance for future system design.